Country Summary: Myanmar (Republic of the Union of Myanmar)
Country Name: Myanmar (Republic of the Union of Myanmar)
Capital: Nay Pyi Taw
Government Type: democracy
Background: Burma was a province of British India until 1937 and then a self-governing colony until it gained independence from Britain in 1948.
Continent: Asia
Population: 57,970,293 (2023 est.)
Ethnic Groups: Burman (Bamar) 68%, Shan 9%, Karen 7%, Rakhine 4%, Chinese 3%, Indian 2%, Mon 2%, other 5%
Languages: Burmese (official)
Religions: Buddhist 87.9%, Christian 6.2%, Muslim 4.3%, Animist 0.8%, Hindu 0.5%, other 0.2%, none 0.1% (2014 est.)
Currency: Myanmar Kyat (MMK)
Reserves of Foreign Exchange & Gold: $7.67 billion (2020 est.) note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Real GDP (Purchasing Power Parity): $230.255 billion (2022 est.) note: data in 2017 dollars
Real GDP Growth Rate: 4.04% (2022 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Real GDP per Capita: $4,200 (2022 est.) note: data in 2017 dollars
Exports:
$20.4 billion (2021 est.) note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Comparison Ranking: 89
Export Commodities: natural gas, clothing products, dried legumes, precious stones, yttrium, scandium, rice, corn (2021)
Export Partners: China 34%, Thailand 14%, Germany 6%, Japan 5%, United States 5% (2021)
Imports:
$23.1 billion (2021 est.) note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Comparison Ranking: 91
Import Commodities: refined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, fabrics, motorcycles, packaged medicines (2019)
Import Partners: China 43%, Thailand 15%, Singapore 12%, Indonesia 5% (2019)
Natural Resources: petroleum, timber, tin, antimony, zinc, copper, tungsten, lead, coal, marble, limestone, precious stones, natural gas, hydropower, arable land
Agricultural Products: rice, sugar cane, beans, vegetables, milk, maize, poultry, groundnuts, fruit, plantains
Industries: agricultural processing; wood and wood products; copper, tin, tungsten, iron; cement, construction materials; pharmaceuticals; fertilizer; oil and natural gas; garments; jade and gems
Industrial Production Growth Rate:
8.02% (2022 est.) note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
Comparison Ranking: 28
Labor Force: 22.527 million (2022 est.) note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
Unemployment Rate: 2.96% (2022 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment
Natural Hazards: Geography:
Total: 676,578 sq km
Land: 653,508 sq km
Water: 23,070 sq km
(Country Summary, The World Factbook, CIA.gov)
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